Pleural Mesothelioma and Non Asbestos Mesothelioma Research indicates that most pleural mesothelioma cases result from asbestos exposure. Some patients do not have any known risk factors. Mesothelioma affects the lung's lining (pleura), tummy (peritoneal mesothelioma) and heart. The symptoms typically develop as time passes. If a doctor suspects mesothelioma, they